Rating Rationale
January 09, 2024 | Mumbai
 
Bucolic 07 2023
(Originator: Spandana Sphoorty Financial Limited)
'CRISIL AA (SO)' for Series A PTCs converted from provisional rating to final rating
 
Rating Action
Tranche Name Amount Rated (Rs.Crore) Outstanding Amount (Rs.Crore)* Balance Tenure#* Credit Collateral (Rs.Crore) Ratings/Credit Opinions Rating Action
Series A PTCs 50 40.13 16 3.16 CRISIL AA (SO) Converted from Provisional Rating to Final Rating
Note: None of the Directors on CRISIL Ratings Limited’s Board are members of rating committee and thus do not participate in discussion or assignment of any ratings. The Board of Directors also does not discuss any ratings at its meetings.
1 crore = 10 million
Refer to annexure for Details of Instruments & Bank Facilities
#Indicates door to door tenure. Actual tenure will depend on the level of prepayments in the pool, and exercise of the clean-up call option
*As after November 2023 payouts

 

Detailed Rationale

CRISIL Ratings has converted the provisional rating assigned to Series A Pass-Through Certificates (PTCs) issued by ‘Bucolic 07 2023’ under a securitisation transaction originated by Spandana Sphoorty Financial Limited (Spandana; rated ‘CRISIL A/Positive’) to a final rating of 'CRISIL AA (SO)'. This securitisation transaction is backed by backed by a pool of microfinance loan receivables originated by Spandana. The ratings are based on credit quality of the underlying pool receivables, origination and servicing capabilities of Spandana, credit support available to the PTCs, payment mechanism for the transaction, and soundness of the transaction’s legal structure.

 

CRISIL Ratings has now received the final legal/executed documents for this transaction. These executed documents are in line with terms of the transaction envisaged when provisional rating was assigned. Hence, CRISIL Ratings has converted the provisional rating to a final rating.

 

Legal Documents

  • Restated Declaration of Trust
  • Deed of Assignment of Receivables in the process of Securitisation
  • Amendment Deed to the Deed of Assignment of Receivables in the process of Securitisation
  • Power of Attorney

 

Other Documents

  • Information Memorandum
  • Amendment Letter in relation to the Information Memorandum
  • Legal Opinion
  • Auditors Certificate
  • Originator’s Representation and Warranties Letter
  • Trustee Awareness Letter

 

The transaction has a ‘Par with Excess Interest Spread (EIS)’ structure. Spandana has assigned the loan pool to ‘Bucolic 07 2023 2023’, a trust settled by IDBI Trusteeship Services Limited (ITSL), which has issued Series A PTCs to investors in exchange for a purchase consideration equal to 87.0% of the pool principal outstanding as on the cut-off date (July 10, 2023). Investor payouts for Series A PTCs are supported by cash collateral and cashflow subordination.

 

Total credit support available in the transaction structure is as below:

 

  • Internal credit enhancement from scheduled cashflow subordination (at the time of securitisation, assuming zero prepayments) amounting to Rs 15.32 crore (26.7% of initial pool principal) which includes Rs 7.47 crore of principal overcollateralisation (13.0% of initial pool principal) and Rs 7.85 crore of excess interest spread (13.7% of initial pool principal) for Series A PTCs.
  • External cash collateral in the form of a fixed deposit amounting to Rs 3.16 crore (5.5% of pool principal).


Series A PTCs are promised timely interest payments on a monthly basis. Principal repayment, while expected on a monthly basis, is promised only on an ultimate basis by the instrument’s legal final maturity. Spandana will continue to service loan contracts in the pool as the servicing agent.

Key Rating Drivers & Detailed Description

Strengths:

 

Weakness:

Rating Sensitivity factors

Upward factor

  • Credit enhancement (based on both internal and external credit enhancements) available in the structure exceeding 2.5 times the estimated base case shortfalls on the residual cash flows of the pool.

 

Downward factors

  • Credit enhancement (based on both internal and external credit enhancements) falling below 1.8 times the estimated base case shortfalls.
  • A sharp downgrade in the rating of the servicer/originator.
  • Non-adherence to the key transaction terms envisaged at the time of the rating.

About the Pool

The transaction is backed by microfinance receivables originated by Spandana. The pool contracts have a weighted average seasoning of 6.1 months, which has led to 20.4% of the disbursed principal being amortised as of the pool cut-off date. The pool is diversified in terms of geography with the top 3 states and top 10 districts accounting for 48.8% and 18.5% of the initial pool principal respectively. As of the pool cut-off date, the average disbursed amount for contracts in the pool was Rs 47,672, with a weighted average interest rate of 25.0% and a weighted average tenure of 24.0 months. All the contracts in the underlying loan pool were current on repayment as of the pool cut-off date (July 10, 2023). CRISIL Ratings has adequately factored all these aspects in its rating analysis.

 

Rating Assumptions

To assess the base case shortfalls for the transaction, CRISIL Ratings has analysed the microfinance industry’s dynamic portfolio delinquencies on a state-level basis over various operating cycles, including the collection performance observed in stressed periods. CRISIL Ratings has also analysed the quantum and timing of loans written off by prominent NBFC-MFIs over FY21 to Q2FY24. Additionally, CRISIL Ratings has considered Spandana’s collection efficiency, dynamic portfolio delinquency, and static pool delinquency performance up to June 2023, along with write-offs, ARC sales, and restructuring information. CRISIL Ratings has also analysed the portfolio cuts based on various parameters and compared the pool with the portfolio on these parameters.

 

CRISIL Ratings has estimated base case shortfalls in the pool at 8.0%-10.0% of cash flows. Additionally, stresses on account of economic, political and geography concentration factors have been applied. CRISIL Ratings has also assumed a monthly prepayment of 0.5%-1.5% in its credit enhancement calculation. CRISIL Ratings has adequately factored in the risks arising on account of counterparties (refer to Counterparty Details). CRISIL Ratings has run sensitivities based on various shortfall curves (front-ended, back-ended and normal) and has adequately factored the same in its analysis.

 

Counterparty details

Capacity

Counterparty Name

Counterparty Rating

Effect on credit ratings in case of non-performance

Originator

Spandana

Rated ‘CRISIL A/Positive’

No effect.

Servicer

Spandana

Rated ‘CRISIL A/Positive’

Significant effect, because of change in servicing quality and replacement cost of servicer. However, currently CRISIL Ratings does not envisage the need for replacement.

Collection and Payout Account Bank

IDBI Bank Limited

Rated ‘CRISIL AA-/CRISIL A+/CRISIL A-/Stable/CRISIL A1+’

Negligible effect. Account bank can be changed without impacting the rating.

Cash collateral in the form of Fixed Deposit

IDBI Bank Limited

Rated ‘CRISIL AA-/CRISIL A+/CRISIL A-/Stable/CRISIL A1+’

Negligible effect. Bank with whom the fixed deposit is maintained can be changed without impacting the rating.

Trustee

ITSL

Not rated by CRISIL Ratings

Negligible effect. Can be replaced at minimal cost.

 

About the Originator

Spandana is a public company in India, incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 on March 10, 2003. It was registered as a non-deposit accepting NBFC with the RBI and got classified as an NBFC-MFI effective April 13, 2015. The shares of Spandana were listed on the stock exchanges in India in August 2019 pursuant to the IPO of equity shares. 

Spandana, together with its subsidiaries, is primarily engaged in lending, providing small-value unsecured loans to low income customers in semi-urban and rural areas. The tenure of these loans is generally spread over 1-2 years. While Spandana extends microfinance loans, its subsidiaries extend other services such as loan against property, gold loans, business loans and personal loans.

Key Financial Indicators (Consolidated)

Particulars

Unit

Jun-22

Mar-22

Mar-21

Mar-20

Total managed assets

Rs crore

6,688

7,568

10,077

8,422

Total income

Rs crore

259

1,480

1396

1,240

Profit after tax

Rs crore

(220)

70

145

352

Gross NPAs (90+ dpd; excluding legacy

Andhra Pradesh portfolio)

%

6.7%^

17.2%^

5.6% ^

0.27%

Gearing

Times

1.15

1.26

1.95

1.15

Adjusted gearing

Times

1.29

1.42

2.50

2.07

Return on managed assets

%

-12.3%

0.8%

1.6%

5.0%

^audited, including cross defaults

 

Past rated pools

CRISIL Ratings has ratings outstanding on four other PTC transactions originated by Spandana. CRISIL Ratings is receiving monthly servicer and payout reports from the Trustee for these transactions.

 

Any other information: Not Applicable

Note on complexity levels of the rated instrument:
CRISIL Ratings` complexity levels are assigned to various types of financial instruments and are included (where applicable) in the 'Annexure - Details of Instrument' in this Rating Rationale.

CRISIL Ratings will disclose complexity level for all securities - including those that are yet to be placed - based on available information. The complexity level for instruments may be updated, where required, in the rating rationale published subsequent to the issuance of the instrument when details on such features are available.

For more details on the CRISIL Ratings` complexity levels please visit www.crisilratings.com. Users may also call the Customer Service Helpdesk with queries on specific instruments.

Annexure - Details of Instrument(s)

ISIN

Name of security

Date of issuance

Coupon

rate

Maturity

date

Size of issue

(Rs.Crore)

Complexity

level

Rating

assigned

Cash Collateral

(Rs crore)

INE0R1V15013

Series A PTCs

04-Aug-23

10.5% p.a.p.m.

22-Mar-25

50.00

Highly Complex

CRISIL AA (SO)

3.16

Annexure - Rating History for last 3 Years
  Current 2024 (History) 2023  2022  2021  Start of 2021
Instrument Type Outstanding Amount Rating Date Rating Date Rating Date Rating Date Rating Rating
Series A PTCs LT 41.03 CRISIL AA (SO)   -- 02-11-23 Provisional CRISIL AA (SO)   --   -- --
      --   -- 04-08-23 Provisional CRISIL AA (SO)   --   -- --
All amounts are in Rs.Cr.
Criteria Details
Links to related criteria
CRISILs rating methodology for ABS transactions
Evaluating risks in securitisation transactions - A primer
Legal analysis in structured finance transactions

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